Etching and engraving were created sometime during the 15th century. Rembrandt, the most famous and (possibly) important Dutch painter and print maker perfected etching in the 17th century.
Etching is done by covering a metal plate with an acid-resistant layer of wax called a ground and drawing a design through the ground using an etching needle. The plate is then dipped in acid, which bites into the exposed lines, thus etching the design into the plate.
An engraving is made by incising a design into a metal plate by applying pressure to the plate with a pointed tool called a graver or burin.
Etching creates delicate and subtle designs while strong lines and sharp definition are main characteristics of engravings. Etchings are primarily done on stemware and other delicate glass. Engraving can be done on metals and thicker cuts of glass.
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